University of Isfahan Historical Researches 2008-6253 5 1 2013 05 22 An investigation of the reasons for Mohammad Shah Qajar`s defeat in returning the sovereignty of Iran to Herat (1835 – 1839) An investigation of the reasons for Mohammad Shah Qajar`s defeat in returning the sovereignty of Iran to Herat (1835 – 1839) 131 148 16597 FA Mh Raznahan Assistant Professor in History, Kharazmi University, Tehran. A Ahangaran PhD Candidate in Islamic History of Iran, Kharazmi University, Tehran Journal Article 2013 03 02 The ruler of Herat`s refusal to do fulfill his obligations such as paying the annual tribute, attacking Khorasan trying to occupy Sistan were among the factors that  made Mohammad Shah campaign in Herat to not only punish Kamran Mirza but also conquer this city that was once about to be opened by him during his father`s life. At that time, from one side, Russia was trying to encourage the Qajar king to attack Herat and occupy it in order to extend its penetration to Central Asia and Afghanistan. Furthermore, from the other side, Britain was to prevent Mohammad Shah from campaigning in Herat and took advantage of the city as an obstacle against probable attacks of Iran and Russia to India. Finally, while the army of Mohammad Shah was going toward Herat to capture the city, the menaces of Macnille and the navy of Britain to Khark Island and the South of Iran forced the Qajar king to end the siege of Herat without fulfilling his goals. <br />The author, through a descriptive-analytical approach, aims not only at mentioning the reasons for and results of Mohammad Shah`s campaign in Herat but also at figuring out the reasons of his defeat in returning the sovereignty of Iran to the city. <br />  The ruler of Herat`s refusal to do fulfill his obligations such as paying the annual tribute, attacking Khorasan trying to occupy Sistan were among the factors that  made Mohammad Shah campaign in Herat to not only punish Kamran Mirza but also conquer this city that was once about to be opened by him during his father`s life. At that time, from one side, Russia was trying to encourage the Qajar king to attack Herat and occupy it in order to extend its penetration to Central Asia and Afghanistan. Furthermore, from the other side, Britain was to prevent Mohammad Shah from campaigning in Herat and took advantage of the city as an obstacle against probable attacks of Iran and Russia to India. Finally, while the army of Mohammad Shah was going toward Herat to capture the city, the menaces of Macnille and the navy of Britain to Khark Island and the South of Iran forced the Qajar king to end the siege of Herat without fulfilling his goals. <br />The author, through a descriptive-analytical approach, aims not only at mentioning the reasons for and results of Mohammad Shah`s campaign in Herat but also at figuring out the reasons of his defeat in returning the sovereignty of Iran to the city. <br />  https://jhr.ui.ac.ir/article_16597_7f7301b340c312ec00a0b79f94168740.pdf